System Design · Case Studies

Case Study: Search Engine

Design, trade-offs, and alternatives for a search engine at scale.

01
Chapter One

Problem Statement

Problem Statement
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Problem Statement
This chapter covers search engine scale: web pages indexed, queries per second, index freshness requirement, latency SLA.
📋 Chapter 1 — Summary
  • Summary content pending.
02
Chapter Two

Questions to Ask

Questions to Ask
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Questions to Ask
This chapter covers key questions: breadth vs depth crawling, index freshness, ranking model, query parsing, personalization.
📋 Chapter 2 — Summary
  • Summary content pending.
03
Chapter Three

Naive Design

Naive Design
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Naive Design
This chapter covers single-machine inverted index with in-memory index — why it runs out of memory at web scale.
📋 Chapter 3 — Summary
  • Summary content pending.
04
Chapter Four

Refined Design

Refined Design
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Refined Design
This chapter covers distributed crawler, MapReduce-based index builder, distributed query serving tier with caching.
📋 Chapter 4 — Summary
  • Summary content pending.
05
Chapter Five

Alternatives

Alternatives
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Alternatives
This chapter covers two approaches: batch index rebuild vs incremental real-time indexing — trade-offs in freshness and complexity.
📋 Chapter 5 — Summary
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06
Chapter Six

Real Companies

Real Companies
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Real Companies
This chapter covers how Google's MapReduce and Bing's indexing pipelines handle web-scale search indexing.
📋 Chapter 6 — Summary
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07
Chapter Seven

Best Practices

Best Practices
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Best Practices
This chapter covers crawler politeness with robots.txt, distributed index with document routing, query latency percentile tracking.
📋 Chapter 7 — Summary
  • Summary content pending.
08
Chapter Eight

What Could Go Wrong

What Could Go Wrong
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What Could Go Wrong
This chapter covers index poisoning from spam pages, crawler trap on infinite pagination, index lag causing stale results.
📋 Chapter 8 — Summary
  • Summary content pending.