System Design · Case Studies

Case Study: Recommendation Engine

Design, trade-offs, and alternatives for a recommendation engine at scale.

01
Chapter One

Problem Statement

Problem Statement
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Problem Statement
This chapter covers recommendation engine requirements: items to rank, users, freshness requirement, serving latency SLA.
📋 Chapter 1 — Summary
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02
Chapter Two

Questions to Ask

Questions to Ask
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Questions to Ask
This chapter covers key questions: collaborative vs content-based filtering, cold start problem, implicit vs explicit feedback.
📋 Chapter 2 — Summary
  • Summary content pending.
03
Chapter Three

Naive Design

Naive Design
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Naive Design
This chapter covers simple popularity-based recommendations without personalization and why it fails for long-tail items.
📋 Chapter 3 — Summary
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04
Chapter Four

Refined Design

Refined Design
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Refined Design
This chapter covers two-tower neural model with batch offline training, feature store, and online serving with ANN index.
📋 Chapter 4 — Summary
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05
Chapter Five

Alternatives

Alternatives
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Alternatives
This chapter covers two approaches: matrix factorization vs deep learning models — trade-offs in accuracy and infrastructure cost.
📋 Chapter 5 — Summary
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06
Chapter Six

Real Companies

Real Companies
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Real Companies
This chapter covers how Netflix, Spotify, and YouTube generate personalized recommendations at user scale.
📋 Chapter 6 — Summary
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07
Chapter Seven

Best Practices

Best Practices
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Best Practices
This chapter covers feature store for consistent training/serving features, A/B test infrastructure, cold start fallback strategy.
📋 Chapter 7 — Summary
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08
Chapter Eight

What Could Go Wrong

What Could Go Wrong
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What Could Go Wrong
This chapter covers training-serving skew, feedback loop amplifying popularity bias, model staleness causing stale recs.
📋 Chapter 8 — Summary
  • Summary content pending.